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| author | Joe Orton <jorton@apache.org> | 2020-08-19 09:31:23 +0200 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Joe Orton <jorton@apache.org> | 2020-08-19 09:31:23 +0200 |
| commit | 7f6aec2cf7fb0caaa93dc98e25968d58b60107fd (patch) | |
| tree | 2218e4fdf202d9781910e0218b690acbdc92a0d5 /docs/manual/rewrite/advanced.html.en | |
| parent | Follow up to r1880368 by adjusting en.xml to match lang-targets.xml. (diff) | |
| download | apache2-7f6aec2cf7fb0caaa93dc98e25968d58b60107fd.tar.xz apache2-7f6aec2cf7fb0caaa93dc98e25968d58b60107fd.zip | |
Follow up to r1880368 and r1880980:
Complete move to .en.utf8 suffixes in two steps:
1. From fresh checkout, renamed all existing files:
$ for f in *.html.en */*.html.en; do svn mv $f $f.utf8; done
2. Ran "./build.sh all" which also regenerates the typemaps.
[skip ci]
git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/trunk@1880982 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/manual/rewrite/advanced.html.en')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/manual/rewrite/advanced.html.en | 371 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 371 deletions
diff --git a/docs/manual/rewrite/advanced.html.en b/docs/manual/rewrite/advanced.html.en deleted file mode 100644 index f12cea7f37..0000000000 --- a/docs/manual/rewrite/advanced.html.en +++ /dev/null @@ -1,371 +0,0 @@ -<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head> -<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> -<!-- - XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX - This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT - XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX - --> -<title>Advanced Techniques with mod_rewrite - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title> -<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> -<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> -<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" /> -<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> -</script> - -<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> -<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> -<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> -<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p> -<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div> -<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div> -<div id="path"> -<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Rewrite</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Advanced Techniques with mod_rewrite</h1> -<div class="toplang"> -<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/rewrite/advanced.html" title="English"> en </a> | -<a href="../fr/rewrite/advanced.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p> -</div> - - -<p>This document supplements the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> -<a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">reference documentation</a>. It provides -a few advanced techniques using mod_rewrite.</p> - - - -<div class="warning">Note that many of these examples won't work unchanged in your -particular server configuration, so it's important that you understand -them, rather than merely cutting and pasting the examples into your -configuration.</div> - -</div> -<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sharding">URL-based sharding across multiple backends</a></li> -<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#on-the-fly-content">On-the-fly Content-Regeneration</a></li> -<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#load-balancing">Load Balancing</a></li> -<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#structuredhomedirs">Structured Userdirs</a></li> -<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirectanchors">Redirecting Anchors</a></li> -<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#time-dependent">Time-Dependent Rewriting</a></li> -<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#setenvvars">Set Environment Variables Based On URL Parts</a></li> -</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">Module documentation</a></li><li><a href="intro.html">mod_rewrite introduction</a></li><li><a href="remapping.html">Redirection and remapping</a></li><li><a href="access.html">Controlling access</a></li><li><a href="vhosts.html">Virtual hosts</a></li><li><a href="proxy.html">Proxying</a></li><li><a href="rewritemap.html">Using RewriteMap</a></li><li><a href="avoid.html">When not to use mod_rewrite</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> -<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> -<div class="section"> -<h2><a name="sharding" id="sharding">URL-based sharding across multiple backends</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#sharding" class="permalink">¶</a></h2> - - - - <dl> - <dt>Description:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>A common technique for distributing the burden of - server load or storage space is called "sharding". - When using this method, a front-end server will use the - url to consistently "shard" users or objects to separate - backend servers.</p> - </dd> - - <dt>Solution:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>A mapping is maintained, from users to target servers, in - external map files. They look like:</p> - -<div class="example"><p><code> -user1 physical_host_of_user1<br /> -user2 physical_host_of_user2<br /> -: : -</code></p></div> - - <p>We put this into a <code>map.users-to-hosts</code> file. The - aim is to map;</p> - -<div class="example"><p><code> -/u/user1/anypath -</code></p></div> - - <p>to</p> - -<div class="example"><p><code> -http://physical_host_of_user1/u/user/anypath -</code></p></div> - - <p>thus every URL path need not be valid on every backend physical - host. The following ruleset does this for us with the help of the map - files assuming that server0 is a default server which will be used if - a user has no entry in the map:</p> - -<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on -RewriteMap users-to-hosts "txt:/path/to/map.users-to-hosts" -RewriteRule "^/u/([^/]+)/?(.*)" "http://${users-to-hosts:$1|server0}/u/$1/$2"</pre> - - </dd> - </dl> - - <p>See the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code> - documentation for more discussion of the syntax of this directive.</p> - -</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> -<div class="section"> -<h2><a name="on-the-fly-content" id="on-the-fly-content">On-the-fly Content-Regeneration</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#on-the-fly-content" class="permalink">¶</a></h2> - - - - <dl> - <dt>Description:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>We wish to dynamically generate content, but store it - statically once it is generated. This rule will check for the - existence of the static file, and if it's not there, generate - it. The static files can be removed periodically, if desired (say, - via cron) and will be regenerated on demand.</p> - </dd> - - <dt>Solution:</dt> - - <dd> - This is done via the following ruleset: - -<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># This example is valid in per-directory context only -RewriteCond "%{REQUEST_URI}" !-U -RewriteRule "^(.+)\.html$" "/regenerate_page.cgi" [PT,L]</pre> - - - <p>The <code>-U</code> operator determines whether the test string - (in this case, <code>REQUEST_URI</code>) is a valid URL. It does - this via a subrequest. In the event that this subrequest fails - - that is, the requested resource doesn't exist - this rule invokes - the CGI program <code>/regenerate_page.cgi</code>, which generates - the requested resource and saves it into the document directory, so - that the next time it is requested, a static copy can be served.</p> - - <p>In this way, documents that are infrequently updated can be served in - static form. if documents need to be refreshed, they can be deleted - from the document directory, and they will then be regenerated the - next time they are requested.</p> - </dd> - </dl> - -</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> -<div class="section"> -<h2><a name="load-balancing" id="load-balancing">Load Balancing</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#load-balancing" class="permalink">¶</a></h2> - - - - <dl> - <dt>Description:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>We wish to randomly distribute load across several servers - using mod_rewrite.</p> - </dd> - - <dt>Solution:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>We'll use <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code> and a list of servers - to accomplish this.</p> - -<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on -RewriteMap lb "rnd:/path/to/serverlist.txt" -RewriteRule "^/(.*)" "http://${lb:servers}/$1" [P,L]</pre> - - -<p><code>serverlist.txt</code> will contain a list of the servers:</p> - -<div class="example"><p><code> -## serverlist.txt<br /> -<br /> -servers one.example.com|two.example.com|three.example.com<br /> -</code></p></div> - -<p>If you want one particular server to get more of the load than the -others, add it more times to the list.</p> - - </dd> - - <dt>Discussion</dt> - <dd> -<p>Apache comes with a load-balancing module - -<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html">mod_proxy_balancer</a></code> - which is far more flexible and -featureful than anything you can cobble together using mod_rewrite.</p> - </dd> - </dl> - -</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> -<div class="section"> -<h2><a name="structuredhomedirs" id="structuredhomedirs">Structured Userdirs</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#structuredhomedirs" class="permalink">¶</a></h2> - - - - <dl> - <dt>Description:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>Some sites with thousands of users use a - structured homedir layout, <em>i.e.</em> each homedir is in a - subdirectory which begins (for instance) with the first - character of the username. So, <code>/~larry/anypath</code> - is <code>/home/<strong>l</strong>/larry/public_html/anypath</code> - while <code>/~waldo/anypath</code> is - <code>/home/<strong>w</strong>/waldo/public_html/anypath</code>.</p> - </dd> - - <dt>Solution:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>We use the following ruleset to expand the tilde URLs - into the above layout.</p> - -<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on -RewriteRule "^/~(<strong>([a-z])</strong>[a-z0-9]+)(.*)" "/home/<strong>$2</strong>/$1/public_html$3"</pre> - - </dd> - </dl> - -</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> -<div class="section"> -<h2><a name="redirectanchors" id="redirectanchors">Redirecting Anchors</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#redirectanchors" class="permalink">¶</a></h2> - - - - <dl> - <dt>Description:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>By default, redirecting to an HTML anchor doesn't work, - because mod_rewrite escapes the <code>#</code> character, - turning it into <code>%23</code>. This, in turn, breaks the - redirection.</p> - </dd> - - <dt>Solution:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>Use the <code>[NE]</code> flag on the - <code>RewriteRule</code>. NE stands for No Escape. - </p> - </dd> - - <dt>Discussion:</dt> - <dd>This technique will of course also work with other - special characters that mod_rewrite, by default, URL-encodes.</dd> - </dl> - -</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> -<div class="section"> -<h2><a name="time-dependent" id="time-dependent">Time-Dependent Rewriting</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#time-dependent" class="permalink">¶</a></h2> - - - - <dl> - <dt>Description:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>We wish to use mod_rewrite to serve different content based on - the time of day.</p> - </dd> - - <dt>Solution:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>There are a lot of variables named <code>TIME_xxx</code> - for rewrite conditions. In conjunction with the special - lexicographic comparison patterns <code><STRING</code>, - <code>>STRING</code> and <code>=STRING</code> we can - do time-dependent redirects:</p> - -<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on -RewriteCond "%{TIME_HOUR}%{TIME_MIN}" >0700 -RewriteCond "%{TIME_HOUR}%{TIME_MIN}" <1900 -RewriteRule "^foo\.html$" "foo.day.html" [L] -RewriteRule "^foo\.html$" "foo.night.html"</pre> - - - <p>This provides the content of <code>foo.day.html</code> - under the URL <code>foo.html</code> from - <code>07:01-18:59</code> and at the remaining time the - contents of <code>foo.night.html</code>.</p> - - <div class="warning"><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>, intermediate proxies - and browsers may each cache responses and cause the either page to be - shown outside of the time-window configured. - <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_expires.html">mod_expires</a></code> may be used to control this - effect. You are, of course, much better off simply serving the - content dynamically, and customizing it based on the time of day.</div> - - </dd> - </dl> - -</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> -<div class="section"> -<h2><a name="setenvvars" id="setenvvars">Set Environment Variables Based On URL Parts</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#setenvvars" class="permalink">¶</a></h2> - - - - <dl> - <dt>Description:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>At times, we want to maintain some kind of status when we - perform a rewrite. For example, you want to make a note that - you've done that rewrite, so that you can check later to see if a - request came via that rewrite. One way to do this is by setting an - environment variable.</p> - </dd> - - <dt>Solution:</dt> - - <dd> - <p>Use the [E] flag to set an environment variable.</p> - -<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on -RewriteRule "^/horse/(.*)" "/pony/$1" [E=<strong>rewritten:1</strong>]</pre> - - - <p>Later in your ruleset you might check for this environment - variable using a RewriteCond:</p> - -<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteCond "%{ENV:rewritten}" =1</pre> - - - <p>Note that environment variables do not survive an external - redirect. You might consider using the [CO] flag to set a - cookie. For per-directory and htaccess rewrites, where the final - substitution is processed as an internal redirect, environment - variables from the previous round of rewriting are prefixed with - "REDIRECT_". </p> - - </dd> - </dl> - -</div></div> -<div class="bottomlang"> -<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/rewrite/advanced.html" title="English"> en </a> | -<a href="../fr/rewrite/advanced.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p> -</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> -<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- -var comments_shortname = 'httpd'; -var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/rewrite/advanced.html'; -(function(w, d) { - if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") { - d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>'); - var s = d.createElement('script'); - s.type = 'text/javascript'; - s.async = true; - s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier; - (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); - } - else { - d.write('<div id="comments_thread">Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/div>'); - } -})(window, document); -//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer"> -<p class="apache">Copyright 2020 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> -<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- -if (typeof(prettyPrint) !== 'undefined') { - prettyPrint(); -} -//--><!]]></script> -</body></html>
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