include boost headers (all base ones, and asio; don't know if asio needs more than just the headers though)

git-svn-id: svn://bind10.isc.org/svn/bind10/branches/f2f200910@210 e5f2f494-b856-4b98-b285-d166d9295462

1 files changed, 1787 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/ext/boost/asio/detail/reactive_socket_service.hpp b/ext/boost/asio/detail/reactive_socket_service.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d4b9d9560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/boost/asio/detail/reactive_socket_service.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1787 @@
+//
+// reactive_socket_service.hpp
+// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Christopher M. Kohlhoff (chris at kohlhoff dot com)
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+//
+
+#ifndef BOOST_ASIO_DETAIL_REACTIVE_SOCKET_SERVICE_HPP
+#define BOOST_ASIO_DETAIL_REACTIVE_SOCKET_SERVICE_HPP
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200)
+# pragma once
+#endif // defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200)
+
+#include <boost/asio/detail/push_options.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/asio/detail/push_options.hpp>
+#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/pop_options.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/asio/buffer.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/error.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/io_service.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/socket_base.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/bind_handler.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/handler_base_from_member.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/noncopyable.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/service_base.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/socket_holder.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/socket_ops.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/detail/socket_types.hpp>
+
+namespace boost {
+namespace asio {
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Protocol, typename Reactor>
+class reactive_socket_service
+  : public boost::asio::detail::service_base<
+      reactive_socket_service<Protocol, Reactor> >
+{
+public:
+  // The protocol type.
+  typedef Protocol protocol_type;
+
+  // The endpoint type.
+  typedef typename Protocol::endpoint endpoint_type;
+
+  // The native type of a socket.
+  typedef socket_type native_type;
+
+  // The implementation type of the socket.
+  class implementation_type
+    : private boost::asio::detail::noncopyable
+  {
+  public:
+    // Default constructor.
+    implementation_type()
+      : socket_(invalid_socket),
+        flags_(0),
+        protocol_(endpoint_type().protocol())
+    {
+    }
+
+  private:
+    // Only this service will have access to the internal values.
+    friend class reactive_socket_service<Protocol, Reactor>;
+
+    // The native socket representation.
+    socket_type socket_;
+
+    enum
+    {
+      // The user wants a non-blocking socket.
+      user_set_non_blocking = 1,
+
+      // The implementation wants a non-blocking socket (in order to be able to
+      // perform asynchronous read and write operations).
+      internal_non_blocking = 2,
+
+      // Helper "flag" used to determine whether the socket is non-blocking.
+      non_blocking = user_set_non_blocking | internal_non_blocking,
+
+      // User wants connection_aborted errors, which are disabled by default.
+      enable_connection_aborted = 4,
+
+      // The user set the linger option. Needs to be checked when closing. 
+      user_set_linger = 8
+    };
+
+    // Flags indicating the current state of the socket.
+    unsigned char flags_;
+
+    // The protocol associated with the socket.
+    protocol_type protocol_;
+
+    // Per-descriptor data used by the reactor.
+    typename Reactor::per_descriptor_data reactor_data_;
+  };
+
+  // The maximum number of buffers to support in a single operation.
+  enum { max_buffers = 64 < max_iov_len ? 64 : max_iov_len };
+
+  // Constructor.
+  reactive_socket_service(boost::asio::io_service& io_service)
+    : boost::asio::detail::service_base<
+        reactive_socket_service<Protocol, Reactor> >(io_service),
+      reactor_(boost::asio::use_service<Reactor>(io_service))
+  {
+    reactor_.init_task();
+  }
+
+  // Destroy all user-defined handler objects owned by the service.
+  void shutdown_service()
+  {
+  }
+
+  // Construct a new socket implementation.
+  void construct(implementation_type& impl)
+  {
+    impl.socket_ = invalid_socket;
+    impl.flags_ = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Destroy a socket implementation.
+  void destroy(implementation_type& impl)
+  {
+    if (impl.socket_ != invalid_socket)
+    {
+      reactor_.close_descriptor(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_);
+
+      if (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking)
+      {
+        ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 0;
+        boost::system::error_code ignored_ec;
+        socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ignored_ec);
+        impl.flags_ &= ~implementation_type::non_blocking;
+      }
+
+      if (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::user_set_linger)
+      {
+        ::linger opt;
+        opt.l_onoff = 0;
+        opt.l_linger = 0;
+        boost::system::error_code ignored_ec;
+        socket_ops::setsockopt(impl.socket_,
+            SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, &opt, sizeof(opt), ignored_ec);
+      }
+
+      boost::system::error_code ignored_ec;
+      socket_ops::close(impl.socket_, ignored_ec);
+
+      impl.socket_ = invalid_socket;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Open a new socket implementation.
+  boost::system::error_code open(implementation_type& impl,
+      const protocol_type& protocol, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::already_open;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    socket_holder sock(socket_ops::socket(protocol.family(),
+          protocol.type(), protocol.protocol(), ec));
+    if (sock.get() == invalid_socket)
+      return ec;
+
+    if (int err = reactor_.register_descriptor(sock.get(), impl.reactor_data_))
+    {
+      ec = boost::system::error_code(err,
+          boost::asio::error::get_system_category());
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    impl.socket_ = sock.release();
+    impl.flags_ = 0;
+    impl.protocol_ = protocol;
+    ec = boost::system::error_code();
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Assign a native socket to a socket implementation.
+  boost::system::error_code assign(implementation_type& impl,
+      const protocol_type& protocol, const native_type& native_socket,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::already_open;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    if (int err = reactor_.register_descriptor(
+          native_socket, impl.reactor_data_))
+    {
+      ec = boost::system::error_code(err,
+          boost::asio::error::get_system_category());
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    impl.socket_ = native_socket;
+    impl.flags_ = 0;
+    impl.protocol_ = protocol;
+    ec = boost::system::error_code();
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Determine whether the socket is open.
+  bool is_open(const implementation_type& impl) const
+  {
+    return impl.socket_ != invalid_socket;
+  }
+
+  // Destroy a socket implementation.
+  boost::system::error_code close(implementation_type& impl,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (is_open(impl))
+    {
+      reactor_.close_descriptor(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_);
+
+      if (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking)
+      {
+        ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 0;
+        boost::system::error_code ignored_ec;
+        socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ignored_ec);
+        impl.flags_ &= ~implementation_type::non_blocking;
+      }
+
+      if (socket_ops::close(impl.socket_, ec) == socket_error_retval)
+        return ec;
+
+      impl.socket_ = invalid_socket;
+    }
+
+    ec = boost::system::error_code();
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Get the native socket representation.
+  native_type native(implementation_type& impl)
+  {
+    return impl.socket_;
+  }
+
+  // Cancel all operations associated with the socket.
+  boost::system::error_code cancel(implementation_type& impl,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    reactor_.cancel_ops(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_);
+    ec = boost::system::error_code();
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Determine whether the socket is at the out-of-band data mark.
+  bool at_mark(const implementation_type& impl,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec) const
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    boost::asio::detail::ioctl_arg_type value = 0;
+    socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, SIOCATMARK, &value, ec);
+#if defined(ENOTTY)
+    if (ec.value() == ENOTTY)
+      ec = boost::asio::error::not_socket;
+#endif // defined(ENOTTY)
+    return ec ? false : value != 0;
+  }
+
+  // Determine the number of bytes available for reading.
+  std::size_t available(const implementation_type& impl,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec) const
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    boost::asio::detail::ioctl_arg_type value = 0;
+    socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONREAD, &value, ec);
+#if defined(ENOTTY)
+    if (ec.value() == ENOTTY)
+      ec = boost::asio::error::not_socket;
+#endif // defined(ENOTTY)
+    return ec ? static_cast<std::size_t>(0) : static_cast<std::size_t>(value);
+  }
+
+  // Bind the socket to the specified local endpoint.
+  boost::system::error_code bind(implementation_type& impl,
+      const endpoint_type& endpoint, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    socket_ops::bind(impl.socket_, endpoint.data(), endpoint.size(), ec);
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Place the socket into the state where it will listen for new connections.
+  boost::system::error_code listen(implementation_type& impl, int backlog,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    socket_ops::listen(impl.socket_, backlog, ec);
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Set a socket option.
+  template <typename Option>
+  boost::system::error_code set_option(implementation_type& impl,
+      const Option& option, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    if (option.level(impl.protocol_) == custom_socket_option_level
+        && option.name(impl.protocol_) == enable_connection_aborted_option)
+    {
+      if (option.size(impl.protocol_) != sizeof(int))
+      {
+        ec = boost::asio::error::invalid_argument;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        if (*reinterpret_cast<const int*>(option.data(impl.protocol_)))
+          impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::enable_connection_aborted;
+        else
+          impl.flags_ &= ~implementation_type::enable_connection_aborted;
+        ec = boost::system::error_code();
+      }
+      return ec;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      if (option.level(impl.protocol_) == SOL_SOCKET
+          && option.name(impl.protocol_) == SO_LINGER)
+      {
+        impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::user_set_linger;
+      }
+
+      socket_ops::setsockopt(impl.socket_,
+          option.level(impl.protocol_), option.name(impl.protocol_),
+          option.data(impl.protocol_), option.size(impl.protocol_), ec);
+
+#if defined(__MACH__) && defined(__APPLE__) \
+|| defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__)
+      // To implement portable behaviour for SO_REUSEADDR with UDP sockets we
+      // need to also set SO_REUSEPORT on BSD-based platforms.
+      if (!ec && impl.protocol_.type() == SOCK_DGRAM
+          && option.level(impl.protocol_) == SOL_SOCKET
+          && option.name(impl.protocol_) == SO_REUSEADDR)
+      {
+        boost::system::error_code ignored_ec;
+        socket_ops::setsockopt(impl.socket_, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT,
+            option.data(impl.protocol_), option.size(impl.protocol_),
+            ignored_ec);
+      }
+#endif
+
+      return ec;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Set a socket option.
+  template <typename Option>
+  boost::system::error_code get_option(const implementation_type& impl,
+      Option& option, boost::system::error_code& ec) const
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    if (option.level(impl.protocol_) == custom_socket_option_level
+        && option.name(impl.protocol_) == enable_connection_aborted_option)
+    {
+      if (option.size(impl.protocol_) != sizeof(int))
+      {
+        ec = boost::asio::error::invalid_argument;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        int* target = reinterpret_cast<int*>(option.data(impl.protocol_));
+        if (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::enable_connection_aborted)
+          *target = 1;
+        else
+          *target = 0;
+        option.resize(impl.protocol_, sizeof(int));
+        ec = boost::system::error_code();
+      }
+      return ec;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      size_t size = option.size(impl.protocol_);
+      socket_ops::getsockopt(impl.socket_,
+          option.level(impl.protocol_), option.name(impl.protocol_),
+          option.data(impl.protocol_), &size, ec);
+      if (!ec)
+        option.resize(impl.protocol_, size);
+      return ec;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Perform an IO control command on the socket.
+  template <typename IO_Control_Command>
+  boost::system::error_code io_control(implementation_type& impl,
+      IO_Control_Command& command, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    if (command.name() == static_cast<int>(FIONBIO))
+    {
+      // Flags are manipulated in a temporary variable so that the socket
+      // implementation is not updated unless the ioctl operation succeeds.
+      unsigned char new_flags = impl.flags_;
+      if (*static_cast<ioctl_arg_type*>(command.data()))
+        new_flags |= implementation_type::user_set_non_blocking;
+      else
+        new_flags &= ~implementation_type::user_set_non_blocking;
+
+      // Perform ioctl on socket if the non-blocking state has changed.
+      if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking)
+          && (new_flags & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+      {
+        ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 1;
+        socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec);
+      }
+      else if ((impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking)
+          && !(new_flags & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+      {
+        ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 0;
+        socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec);
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        ec = boost::system::error_code();
+      }
+
+      // Update socket implementation's flags only if successful.
+      if (!ec)
+        impl.flags_ = new_flags;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, command.name(),
+          static_cast<ioctl_arg_type*>(command.data()), ec);
+    }
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Get the local endpoint.
+  endpoint_type local_endpoint(const implementation_type& impl,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec) const
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return endpoint_type();
+    }
+
+    endpoint_type endpoint;
+    std::size_t addr_len = endpoint.capacity();
+    if (socket_ops::getsockname(impl.socket_, endpoint.data(), &addr_len, ec))
+      return endpoint_type();
+    endpoint.resize(addr_len);
+    return endpoint;
+  }
+
+  // Get the remote endpoint.
+  endpoint_type remote_endpoint(const implementation_type& impl,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec) const
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return endpoint_type();
+    }
+
+    endpoint_type endpoint;
+    std::size_t addr_len = endpoint.capacity();
+    if (socket_ops::getpeername(impl.socket_, endpoint.data(), &addr_len, ec))
+      return endpoint_type();
+    endpoint.resize(addr_len);
+    return endpoint;
+  }
+
+  /// Disable sends or receives on the socket.
+  boost::system::error_code shutdown(implementation_type& impl,
+      socket_base::shutdown_type what, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    socket_ops::shutdown(impl.socket_, what, ec);
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  // Send the given data to the peer.
+  template <typename ConstBufferSequence>
+  size_t send(implementation_type& impl, const ConstBufferSequence& buffers,
+      socket_base::message_flags flags, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Copy buffers into array.
+    socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+    typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers.begin();
+    typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers.end();
+    size_t i = 0;
+    size_t total_buffer_size = 0;
+    for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+    {
+      boost::asio::const_buffer buffer(*iter);
+      socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+          boost::asio::buffer_cast<const void*>(buffer),
+          boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+      total_buffer_size += boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer);
+    }
+
+    // A request to receive 0 bytes on a stream socket is a no-op.
+    if (impl.protocol_.type() == SOCK_STREAM && total_buffer_size == 0)
+    {
+      ec = boost::system::error_code();
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Send the data.
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      // Try to complete the operation without blocking.
+      int bytes_sent = socket_ops::send(impl.socket_, bufs, i, flags, ec);
+
+      // Check if operation succeeded.
+      if (bytes_sent >= 0)
+        return bytes_sent;
+
+      // Operation failed.
+      if ((impl.flags_ & implementation_type::user_set_non_blocking)
+          || (ec != boost::asio::error::would_block
+            && ec != boost::asio::error::try_again))
+        return 0;
+
+      // Wait for socket to become ready.
+      if (socket_ops::poll_write(impl.socket_, ec) < 0)
+        return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Wait until data can be sent without blocking.
+  size_t send(implementation_type& impl, const null_buffers&,
+      socket_base::message_flags, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Wait for socket to become ready.
+    socket_ops::poll_write(impl.socket_, ec);
+
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  template <typename ConstBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  class send_operation :
+    public handler_base_from_member<Handler>
+  {
+  public:
+    send_operation(socket_type socket, boost::asio::io_service& io_service,
+        const ConstBufferSequence& buffers, socket_base::message_flags flags,
+        Handler handler)
+      : handler_base_from_member<Handler>(handler),
+        socket_(socket),
+        io_service_(io_service),
+        work_(io_service),
+        buffers_(buffers),
+        flags_(flags)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool perform(boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t& bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      // Check whether the operation was successful.
+      if (ec)
+      {
+        bytes_transferred = 0;
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // Copy buffers into array.
+      socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+      typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers_.begin();
+      typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers_.end();
+      size_t i = 0;
+      for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+      {
+        boost::asio::const_buffer buffer(*iter);
+        socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+            boost::asio::buffer_cast<const void*>(buffer),
+            boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+      }
+
+      // Send the data.
+      int bytes = socket_ops::send(socket_, bufs, i, flags_, ec);
+
+      // Check if we need to run the operation again.
+      if (ec == boost::asio::error::would_block
+          || ec == boost::asio::error::try_again)
+        return false;
+
+      bytes_transferred = (bytes < 0 ? 0 : bytes);
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    void complete(const boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      io_service_.post(bind_handler(this->handler_, ec, bytes_transferred));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    socket_type socket_;
+    boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
+    boost::asio::io_service::work work_;
+    ConstBufferSequence buffers_;
+    socket_base::message_flags flags_;
+  };
+
+  // Start an asynchronous send. The data being sent must be valid for the
+  // lifetime of the asynchronous operation.
+  template <typename ConstBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  void async_send(implementation_type& impl, const ConstBufferSequence& buffers,
+      socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      if (impl.protocol_.type() == SOCK_STREAM)
+      {
+        // Determine total size of buffers.
+        typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers.begin();
+        typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers.end();
+        size_t i = 0;
+        size_t total_buffer_size = 0;
+        for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+        {
+          boost::asio::const_buffer buffer(*iter);
+          total_buffer_size += boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer);
+        }
+
+        // A request to receive 0 bytes on a stream socket is a no-op.
+        if (total_buffer_size == 0)
+        {
+          this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+                boost::system::error_code(), 0));
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Make socket non-blocking.
+      if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::internal_non_blocking))
+      {
+        if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+        {
+          ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 1;
+          boost::system::error_code ec;
+          if (socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec))
+          {
+            this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler, ec, 0));
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::internal_non_blocking;
+      }
+
+      reactor_.start_write_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          send_operation<ConstBufferSequence, Handler>(
+            impl.socket_, this->get_io_service(), buffers, flags, handler));
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <typename Handler>
+  class null_buffers_operation :
+    public handler_base_from_member<Handler>
+  {
+  public:
+    null_buffers_operation(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, Handler handler)
+      : handler_base_from_member<Handler>(handler),
+        work_(io_service)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool perform(boost::system::error_code&,
+        std::size_t& bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      bytes_transferred = 0;
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    void complete(const boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      work_.get_io_service().post(bind_handler(
+            this->handler_, ec, bytes_transferred));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    boost::asio::io_service::work work_;
+  };
+
+  // Start an asynchronous wait until data can be sent without blocking.
+  template <typename Handler>
+  void async_send(implementation_type& impl, const null_buffers&,
+      socket_base::message_flags, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      reactor_.start_write_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          null_buffers_operation<Handler>(this->get_io_service(), handler),
+          false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Send a datagram to the specified endpoint. Returns the number of bytes
+  // sent.
+  template <typename ConstBufferSequence>
+  size_t send_to(implementation_type& impl, const ConstBufferSequence& buffers,
+      const endpoint_type& destination, socket_base::message_flags flags,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Copy buffers into array.
+    socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+    typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers.begin();
+    typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers.end();
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+    {
+      boost::asio::const_buffer buffer(*iter);
+      socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+          boost::asio::buffer_cast<const void*>(buffer),
+          boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+    }
+
+    // Send the data.
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      // Try to complete the operation without blocking.
+      int bytes_sent = socket_ops::sendto(impl.socket_, bufs, i, flags,
+          destination.data(), destination.size(), ec);
+
+      // Check if operation succeeded.
+      if (bytes_sent >= 0)
+        return bytes_sent;
+
+      // Operation failed.
+      if ((impl.flags_ & implementation_type::user_set_non_blocking)
+          || (ec != boost::asio::error::would_block
+            && ec != boost::asio::error::try_again))
+        return 0;
+
+      // Wait for socket to become ready.
+      if (socket_ops::poll_write(impl.socket_, ec) < 0)
+        return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Wait until data can be sent without blocking.
+  size_t send_to(implementation_type& impl, const null_buffers&,
+      socket_base::message_flags, const endpoint_type&,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Wait for socket to become ready.
+    socket_ops::poll_write(impl.socket_, ec);
+
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  template <typename ConstBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  class send_to_operation :
+    public handler_base_from_member<Handler>
+  {
+  public:
+    send_to_operation(socket_type socket, boost::asio::io_service& io_service,
+        const ConstBufferSequence& buffers, const endpoint_type& endpoint,
+        socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+      : handler_base_from_member<Handler>(handler),
+        socket_(socket),
+        io_service_(io_service),
+        work_(io_service),
+        buffers_(buffers),
+        destination_(endpoint),
+        flags_(flags)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool perform(boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t& bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      // Check whether the operation was successful.
+      if (ec)
+      {
+        bytes_transferred = 0;
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // Copy buffers into array.
+      socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+      typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers_.begin();
+      typename ConstBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers_.end();
+      size_t i = 0;
+      for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+      {
+        boost::asio::const_buffer buffer(*iter);
+        socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+            boost::asio::buffer_cast<const void*>(buffer),
+            boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+      }
+
+      // Send the data.
+      int bytes = socket_ops::sendto(socket_, bufs, i, flags_,
+          destination_.data(), destination_.size(), ec);
+
+      // Check if we need to run the operation again.
+      if (ec == boost::asio::error::would_block
+          || ec == boost::asio::error::try_again)
+        return false;
+
+      bytes_transferred = (bytes < 0 ? 0 : bytes);
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    void complete(const boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      io_service_.post(bind_handler(this->handler_, ec, bytes_transferred));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    socket_type socket_;
+    boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
+    boost::asio::io_service::work work_;
+    ConstBufferSequence buffers_;
+    endpoint_type destination_;
+    socket_base::message_flags flags_;
+  };
+
+  // Start an asynchronous send. The data being sent must be valid for the
+  // lifetime of the asynchronous operation.
+  template <typename ConstBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  void async_send_to(implementation_type& impl,
+      const ConstBufferSequence& buffers,
+      const endpoint_type& destination, socket_base::message_flags flags,
+      Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      // Make socket non-blocking.
+      if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::internal_non_blocking))
+      {
+        if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+        {
+          ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 1;
+          boost::system::error_code ec;
+          if (socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec))
+          {
+            this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler, ec, 0));
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::internal_non_blocking;
+      }
+
+      reactor_.start_write_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          send_to_operation<ConstBufferSequence, Handler>(
+            impl.socket_, this->get_io_service(), buffers,
+            destination, flags, handler));
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Start an asynchronous wait until data can be sent without blocking.
+  template <typename Handler>
+  void async_send_to(implementation_type& impl, const null_buffers&,
+      socket_base::message_flags, const endpoint_type&, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      reactor_.start_write_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          null_buffers_operation<Handler>(this->get_io_service(), handler),
+          false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Receive some data from the peer. Returns the number of bytes received.
+  template <typename MutableBufferSequence>
+  size_t receive(implementation_type& impl,
+      const MutableBufferSequence& buffers,
+      socket_base::message_flags flags, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Copy buffers into array.
+    socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+    typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers.begin();
+    typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers.end();
+    size_t i = 0;
+    size_t total_buffer_size = 0;
+    for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+    {
+      boost::asio::mutable_buffer buffer(*iter);
+      socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+          boost::asio::buffer_cast<void*>(buffer),
+          boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+      total_buffer_size += boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer);
+    }
+
+    // A request to receive 0 bytes on a stream socket is a no-op.
+    if (impl.protocol_.type() == SOCK_STREAM && total_buffer_size == 0)
+    {
+      ec = boost::system::error_code();
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Receive some data.
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      // Try to complete the operation without blocking.
+      int bytes_recvd = socket_ops::recv(impl.socket_, bufs, i, flags, ec);
+
+      // Check if operation succeeded.
+      if (bytes_recvd > 0)
+        return bytes_recvd;
+
+      // Check for EOF.
+      if (bytes_recvd == 0 && impl.protocol_.type() == SOCK_STREAM)
+      {
+        ec = boost::asio::error::eof;
+        return 0;
+      }
+
+      // Operation failed.
+      if ((impl.flags_ & implementation_type::user_set_non_blocking)
+          || (ec != boost::asio::error::would_block
+            && ec != boost::asio::error::try_again))
+        return 0;
+
+      // Wait for socket to become ready.
+      if (socket_ops::poll_read(impl.socket_, ec) < 0)
+        return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Wait until data can be received without blocking.
+  size_t receive(implementation_type& impl, const null_buffers&,
+      socket_base::message_flags, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Wait for socket to become ready.
+    socket_ops::poll_read(impl.socket_, ec);
+
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  template <typename MutableBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  class receive_operation :
+    public handler_base_from_member<Handler>
+  {
+  public:
+    receive_operation(socket_type socket, int protocol_type,
+        boost::asio::io_service& io_service,
+        const MutableBufferSequence& buffers,
+        socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+      : handler_base_from_member<Handler>(handler),
+        socket_(socket),
+        protocol_type_(protocol_type),
+        io_service_(io_service),
+        work_(io_service),
+        buffers_(buffers),
+        flags_(flags)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool perform(boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t& bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      // Check whether the operation was successful.
+      if (ec)
+      {
+        bytes_transferred = 0;
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // Copy buffers into array.
+      socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+      typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers_.begin();
+      typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers_.end();
+      size_t i = 0;
+      for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+      {
+        boost::asio::mutable_buffer buffer(*iter);
+        socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+            boost::asio::buffer_cast<void*>(buffer),
+            boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+      }
+
+      // Receive some data.
+      int bytes = socket_ops::recv(socket_, bufs, i, flags_, ec);
+      if (bytes == 0 && protocol_type_ == SOCK_STREAM)
+        ec = boost::asio::error::eof;
+
+      // Check if we need to run the operation again.
+      if (ec == boost::asio::error::would_block
+          || ec == boost::asio::error::try_again)
+        return false;
+
+      bytes_transferred = (bytes < 0 ? 0 : bytes);
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    void complete(const boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      io_service_.post(bind_handler(this->handler_, ec, bytes_transferred));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    socket_type socket_;
+    int protocol_type_;
+    boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
+    boost::asio::io_service::work work_;
+    MutableBufferSequence buffers_;
+    socket_base::message_flags flags_;
+  };
+
+  // Start an asynchronous receive. The buffer for the data being received
+  // must be valid for the lifetime of the asynchronous operation.
+  template <typename MutableBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  void async_receive(implementation_type& impl,
+      const MutableBufferSequence& buffers,
+      socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      if (impl.protocol_.type() == SOCK_STREAM)
+      {
+        // Determine total size of buffers.
+        typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers.begin();
+        typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers.end();
+        size_t i = 0;
+        size_t total_buffer_size = 0;
+        for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+        {
+          boost::asio::mutable_buffer buffer(*iter);
+          total_buffer_size += boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer);
+        }
+
+        // A request to receive 0 bytes on a stream socket is a no-op.
+        if (total_buffer_size == 0)
+        {
+          this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+                boost::system::error_code(), 0));
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Make socket non-blocking.
+      if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::internal_non_blocking))
+      {
+        if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+        {
+          ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 1;
+          boost::system::error_code ec;
+          if (socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec))
+          {
+            this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler, ec, 0));
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::internal_non_blocking;
+      }
+
+      if (flags & socket_base::message_out_of_band)
+      {
+        reactor_.start_except_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+            receive_operation<MutableBufferSequence, Handler>(
+              impl.socket_, impl.protocol_.type(),
+              this->get_io_service(), buffers, flags, handler));
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        reactor_.start_read_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+            receive_operation<MutableBufferSequence, Handler>(
+              impl.socket_, impl.protocol_.type(),
+              this->get_io_service(), buffers, flags, handler));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Wait until data can be received without blocking.
+  template <typename Handler>
+  void async_receive(implementation_type& impl, const null_buffers&,
+      socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else if (flags & socket_base::message_out_of_band)
+    {
+      reactor_.start_except_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          null_buffers_operation<Handler>(this->get_io_service(), handler));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      reactor_.start_read_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          null_buffers_operation<Handler>(this->get_io_service(), handler),
+          false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Receive a datagram with the endpoint of the sender. Returns the number of
+  // bytes received.
+  template <typename MutableBufferSequence>
+  size_t receive_from(implementation_type& impl,
+      const MutableBufferSequence& buffers,
+      endpoint_type& sender_endpoint, socket_base::message_flags flags,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Copy buffers into array.
+    socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+    typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers.begin();
+    typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers.end();
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+    {
+      boost::asio::mutable_buffer buffer(*iter);
+      socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+          boost::asio::buffer_cast<void*>(buffer),
+          boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+    }
+
+    // Receive some data.
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      // Try to complete the operation without blocking.
+      std::size_t addr_len = sender_endpoint.capacity();
+      int bytes_recvd = socket_ops::recvfrom(impl.socket_, bufs, i, flags,
+          sender_endpoint.data(), &addr_len, ec);
+
+      // Check if operation succeeded.
+      if (bytes_recvd > 0)
+      {
+        sender_endpoint.resize(addr_len);
+        return bytes_recvd;
+      }
+
+      // Check for EOF.
+      if (bytes_recvd == 0 && impl.protocol_.type() == SOCK_STREAM)
+      {
+        ec = boost::asio::error::eof;
+        return 0;
+      }
+
+      // Operation failed.
+      if ((impl.flags_ & implementation_type::user_set_non_blocking)
+          || (ec != boost::asio::error::would_block
+            && ec != boost::asio::error::try_again))
+        return 0;
+
+      // Wait for socket to become ready.
+      if (socket_ops::poll_read(impl.socket_, ec) < 0)
+        return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Wait until data can be received without blocking.
+  size_t receive_from(implementation_type& impl, const null_buffers&,
+      endpoint_type& sender_endpoint, socket_base::message_flags,
+      boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Wait for socket to become ready.
+    socket_ops::poll_read(impl.socket_, ec);
+
+    // Reset endpoint since it can be given no sensible value at this time.
+    sender_endpoint = endpoint_type();
+
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  template <typename MutableBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  class receive_from_operation :
+    public handler_base_from_member<Handler>
+  {
+  public:
+    receive_from_operation(socket_type socket, int protocol_type,
+        boost::asio::io_service& io_service,
+        const MutableBufferSequence& buffers, endpoint_type& endpoint,
+        socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+      : handler_base_from_member<Handler>(handler),
+        socket_(socket),
+        protocol_type_(protocol_type),
+        io_service_(io_service),
+        work_(io_service),
+        buffers_(buffers),
+        sender_endpoint_(endpoint),
+        flags_(flags)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool perform(boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t& bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      // Check whether the operation was successful.
+      if (ec)
+      {
+        bytes_transferred = 0;
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // Copy buffers into array.
+      socket_ops::buf bufs[max_buffers];
+      typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator iter = buffers_.begin();
+      typename MutableBufferSequence::const_iterator end = buffers_.end();
+      size_t i = 0;
+      for (; iter != end && i < max_buffers; ++iter, ++i)
+      {
+        boost::asio::mutable_buffer buffer(*iter);
+        socket_ops::init_buf(bufs[i],
+            boost::asio::buffer_cast<void*>(buffer),
+            boost::asio::buffer_size(buffer));
+      }
+
+      // Receive some data.
+      std::size_t addr_len = sender_endpoint_.capacity();
+      int bytes = socket_ops::recvfrom(socket_, bufs, i, flags_,
+          sender_endpoint_.data(), &addr_len, ec);
+      if (bytes == 0 && protocol_type_ == SOCK_STREAM)
+        ec = boost::asio::error::eof;
+
+      // Check if we need to run the operation again.
+      if (ec == boost::asio::error::would_block
+          || ec == boost::asio::error::try_again)
+        return false;
+
+      sender_endpoint_.resize(addr_len);
+      bytes_transferred = (bytes < 0 ? 0 : bytes);
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    void complete(const boost::system::error_code& ec,
+        std::size_t bytes_transferred)
+    {
+      io_service_.post(bind_handler(this->handler_, ec, bytes_transferred));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    socket_type socket_;
+    int protocol_type_;
+    boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
+    boost::asio::io_service::work work_;
+    MutableBufferSequence buffers_;
+    endpoint_type& sender_endpoint_;
+    socket_base::message_flags flags_;
+  };
+
+  // Start an asynchronous receive. The buffer for the data being received and
+  // the sender_endpoint object must both be valid for the lifetime of the
+  // asynchronous operation.
+  template <typename MutableBufferSequence, typename Handler>
+  void async_receive_from(implementation_type& impl,
+      const MutableBufferSequence& buffers, endpoint_type& sender_endpoint,
+      socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      // Make socket non-blocking.
+      if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::internal_non_blocking))
+      {
+        if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+        {
+          ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 1;
+          boost::system::error_code ec;
+          if (socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec))
+          {
+            this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler, ec, 0));
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::internal_non_blocking;
+      }
+
+      reactor_.start_read_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          receive_from_operation<MutableBufferSequence, Handler>(
+            impl.socket_, impl.protocol_.type(), this->get_io_service(),
+            buffers, sender_endpoint, flags, handler));
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Wait until data can be received without blocking.
+  template <typename Handler>
+  void async_receive_from(implementation_type& impl,
+      const null_buffers&, endpoint_type& sender_endpoint,
+      socket_base::message_flags flags, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor, 0));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      // Reset endpoint since it can be given no sensible value at this time.
+      sender_endpoint = endpoint_type();
+
+      if (flags & socket_base::message_out_of_band)
+      {
+        reactor_.start_except_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+            null_buffers_operation<Handler>(this->get_io_service(), handler));
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        reactor_.start_read_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+            null_buffers_operation<Handler>(this->get_io_service(), handler),
+            false);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Accept a new connection.
+  template <typename Socket>
+  boost::system::error_code accept(implementation_type& impl,
+      Socket& peer, endpoint_type* peer_endpoint, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    // We cannot accept a socket that is already open.
+    if (peer.is_open())
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::already_open;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    // Accept a socket.
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      // Try to complete the operation without blocking.
+      socket_holder new_socket;
+      std::size_t addr_len = 0;
+      if (peer_endpoint)
+      {
+        addr_len = peer_endpoint->capacity();
+        new_socket.reset(socket_ops::accept(impl.socket_,
+              peer_endpoint->data(), &addr_len, ec));
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        new_socket.reset(socket_ops::accept(impl.socket_, 0, 0, ec));
+      }
+
+      // Check if operation succeeded.
+      if (new_socket.get() >= 0)
+      {
+        if (peer_endpoint)
+          peer_endpoint->resize(addr_len);
+        peer.assign(impl.protocol_, new_socket.get(), ec);
+        if (!ec)
+          new_socket.release();
+        return ec;
+      }
+
+      // Operation failed.
+      if (ec == boost::asio::error::would_block
+          || ec == boost::asio::error::try_again)
+      {
+        if (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::user_set_non_blocking)
+          return ec;
+        // Fall through to retry operation.
+      }
+      else if (ec == boost::asio::error::connection_aborted)
+      {
+        if (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::enable_connection_aborted)
+          return ec;
+        // Fall through to retry operation.
+      }
+#if defined(EPROTO)
+      else if (ec.value() == EPROTO)
+      {
+        if (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::enable_connection_aborted)
+          return ec;
+        // Fall through to retry operation.
+      }
+#endif // defined(EPROTO)
+      else
+        return ec;
+
+      // Wait for socket to become ready.
+      if (socket_ops::poll_read(impl.socket_, ec) < 0)
+        return ec;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <typename Socket, typename Handler>
+  class accept_operation :
+    public handler_base_from_member<Handler>
+  {
+  public:
+    accept_operation(socket_type socket, boost::asio::io_service& io_service,
+        Socket& peer, const protocol_type& protocol,
+        endpoint_type* peer_endpoint, bool enable_connection_aborted,
+        Handler handler)
+      : handler_base_from_member<Handler>(handler),
+        socket_(socket),
+        io_service_(io_service),
+        work_(io_service),
+        peer_(peer),
+        protocol_(protocol),
+        peer_endpoint_(peer_endpoint),
+        enable_connection_aborted_(enable_connection_aborted)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool perform(boost::system::error_code& ec, std::size_t&)
+    {
+      // Check whether the operation was successful.
+      if (ec)
+        return true;
+
+      // Accept the waiting connection.
+      socket_holder new_socket;
+      std::size_t addr_len = 0;
+      if (peer_endpoint_)
+      {
+        addr_len = peer_endpoint_->capacity();
+        new_socket.reset(socket_ops::accept(socket_,
+              peer_endpoint_->data(), &addr_len, ec));
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        new_socket.reset(socket_ops::accept(socket_, 0, 0, ec));
+      }
+
+      // Check if we need to run the operation again.
+      if (ec == boost::asio::error::would_block
+          || ec == boost::asio::error::try_again)
+        return false;
+      if (ec == boost::asio::error::connection_aborted
+          && !enable_connection_aborted_)
+        return false;
+#if defined(EPROTO)
+      if (ec.value() == EPROTO && !enable_connection_aborted_)
+        return false;
+#endif // defined(EPROTO)
+
+      // Transfer ownership of the new socket to the peer object.
+      if (!ec)
+      {
+        if (peer_endpoint_)
+          peer_endpoint_->resize(addr_len);
+        peer_.assign(protocol_, new_socket.get(), ec);
+        if (!ec)
+          new_socket.release();
+      }
+
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    void complete(const boost::system::error_code& ec, std::size_t)
+    {
+      io_service_.post(bind_handler(this->handler_, ec));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    socket_type socket_;
+    boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
+    boost::asio::io_service::work work_;
+    Socket& peer_;
+    protocol_type protocol_;
+    endpoint_type* peer_endpoint_;
+    bool enable_connection_aborted_;
+  };
+
+  // Start an asynchronous accept. The peer and peer_endpoint objects
+  // must be valid until the accept's handler is invoked.
+  template <typename Socket, typename Handler>
+  void async_accept(implementation_type& impl, Socket& peer,
+      endpoint_type* peer_endpoint, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor));
+    }
+    else if (peer.is_open())
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::already_open));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      // Make socket non-blocking.
+      if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::internal_non_blocking))
+      {
+        if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+        {
+          ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 1;
+          boost::system::error_code ec;
+          if (socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec))
+          {
+            this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler, ec));
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::internal_non_blocking;
+      }
+
+      reactor_.start_read_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          accept_operation<Socket, Handler>(
+            impl.socket_, this->get_io_service(),
+            peer, impl.protocol_, peer_endpoint,
+            (impl.flags_ & implementation_type::enable_connection_aborted) != 0,
+            handler));
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Connect the socket to the specified endpoint.
+  boost::system::error_code connect(implementation_type& impl,
+      const endpoint_type& peer_endpoint, boost::system::error_code& ec)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      ec = boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor;
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    // Perform the connect operation.
+    socket_ops::connect(impl.socket_,
+        peer_endpoint.data(), peer_endpoint.size(), ec);
+    if (ec != boost::asio::error::in_progress
+        && ec != boost::asio::error::would_block)
+    {
+      // The connect operation finished immediately.
+      return ec;
+    }
+
+    // Wait for socket to become ready.
+    if (socket_ops::poll_connect(impl.socket_, ec) < 0)
+      return ec;
+
+    // Get the error code from the connect operation.
+    int connect_error = 0;
+    size_t connect_error_len = sizeof(connect_error);
+    if (socket_ops::getsockopt(impl.socket_, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
+          &connect_error, &connect_error_len, ec) == socket_error_retval)
+      return ec;
+
+    // Return the result of the connect operation.
+    ec = boost::system::error_code(connect_error,
+        boost::asio::error::get_system_category());
+    return ec;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Handler>
+  class connect_operation :
+    public handler_base_from_member<Handler>
+  {
+  public:
+    connect_operation(socket_type socket,
+        boost::asio::io_service& io_service, Handler handler)
+      : handler_base_from_member<Handler>(handler),
+        socket_(socket),
+        io_service_(io_service),
+        work_(io_service)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool perform(boost::system::error_code& ec, std::size_t&)
+    {
+      // Check whether the operation was successful.
+      if (ec)
+        return true;
+
+      // Get the error code from the connect operation.
+      int connect_error = 0;
+      size_t connect_error_len = sizeof(connect_error);
+      if (socket_ops::getsockopt(socket_, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
+            &connect_error, &connect_error_len, ec) == socket_error_retval)
+        return true;
+
+      // The connection failed so the handler will be posted with an error code.
+      if (connect_error)
+      {
+        ec = boost::system::error_code(connect_error,
+            boost::asio::error::get_system_category());
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    void complete(const boost::system::error_code& ec, std::size_t)
+    {
+      io_service_.post(bind_handler(this->handler_, ec));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    socket_type socket_;
+    boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
+    boost::asio::io_service::work work_;
+  };
+
+  // Start an asynchronous connect.
+  template <typename Handler>
+  void async_connect(implementation_type& impl,
+      const endpoint_type& peer_endpoint, Handler handler)
+  {
+    if (!is_open(impl))
+    {
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::asio::error::bad_descriptor));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Make socket non-blocking.
+    if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::internal_non_blocking))
+    {
+      if (!(impl.flags_ & implementation_type::non_blocking))
+      {
+        ioctl_arg_type non_blocking = 1;
+        boost::system::error_code ec;
+        if (socket_ops::ioctl(impl.socket_, FIONBIO, &non_blocking, ec))
+        {
+          this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler, ec));
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+      impl.flags_ |= implementation_type::internal_non_blocking;
+    }
+
+    // Start the connect operation. The socket is already marked as non-blocking
+    // so the connection will take place asynchronously.
+    boost::system::error_code ec;
+    if (socket_ops::connect(impl.socket_, peer_endpoint.data(),
+          peer_endpoint.size(), ec) == 0)
+    {
+      // The connect operation has finished successfully so we need to post the
+      // handler immediately.
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler,
+            boost::system::error_code()));
+    }
+    else if (ec == boost::asio::error::in_progress
+        || ec == boost::asio::error::would_block)
+    {
+      // The connection is happening in the background, and we need to wait
+      // until the socket becomes writeable.
+      reactor_.start_connect_op(impl.socket_, impl.reactor_data_,
+          connect_operation<Handler>(impl.socket_,
+            this->get_io_service(), handler));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      // The connect operation has failed, so post the handler immediately.
+      this->get_io_service().post(bind_handler(handler, ec));
+    }
+  }
+
+private:
+  // The selector that performs event demultiplexing for the service.
+  Reactor& reactor_;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+} // namespace asio
+} // namespace boost
+
+#include <boost/asio/detail/pop_options.hpp>
+
+#endif // BOOST_ASIO_DETAIL_REACTIVE_SOCKET_SERVICE_HPP